Decades before COVID-19 gripped the world, basic science researchers were laying the groundwork for lifesaving medical and technological breakthroughs now central to the world’s pandemic response. With support from the Kavli Foundation and the Simons Foundation, the Science Philanthropy Alliance enlisted a team of science writers to explore these science origin stories. The COVID-19 Basic Science Prequels unpack the people, history, and serendipitous discovery behind topics that now dominate our daily lives.